Static routing and dynamic routing concept and examples

Static Routing

Static routing is configured by the network administrator manually routing information. When the network topology or link state changes, network administrators need to manually modify the routing table related to the static routing information. Static routing information is private by default, and will not be passed to other routers. Of course, the network administrator can also set the router to become shared. Generally applicable to comparative static routing simple network environment, in such an environment, the network administrator Yiyu clear De understanding of the internet topology, easy to set up the routing Xin Xi Zheng Que. Here are two examples for using static routing.




In Figure 1, assume that other than Network 1 Network 1 Network Access must be through the router A and router B, network administrators can set a router A to point B, the static routing information the router. This has the advantage of reducing router A and router B WAN link between the amount of data transmission, because the network using static routing, the routers A and B have no need for the exchange of routing information.

In a supporting DDR (dial-on-demand routing) network, dial-up link only when needed dial, it is not as dynamic routing information table provides routing information to change the situation. In this case, the network is also suitable to use static routing.

Another advantage of using static routing is the network security is high. Dynamic routing between routers frequently because of the need to exchange their routing table, while the routing table analysis can reveal the network topology and network address and other information. Therefore, the network for security considerations can also use static routing.

Large and complex network environment is often not static routing. On the one hand, network administrators from having a full understanding of the entire network topology; the other hand, when the network topology and link state changes, the routers in a wide range of static routing information needed to adjust, the difficulty of this work and complexity is very high.

Dynamic routing

Dynamic routing is the router to automatically create their own routing table, and the actual situation according to actual changes in a timely manner to adjust.

Dynamic routing mechanisms rely heavily on the router are the two basic functions: the maintenance of the routing table; routers to exchange routing information between the appropriate time.



Exchange routing information between routers is based on routing protocols. Indicated by Figure 2, we can visually see the process of routing information exchange. The ultimate purpose of exchanging routing information is found through a data exchange routing table the "best" path. Each has its own routing algorithm to measure the "best" set of principles. Most algorithms use a quantitative parameter to measure the path of the advantages and disadvantages, generally speaking, the smaller the parameter value, the better path. This parameter can be calculated path of a feature can also be consolidated based on multiple characteristics calculated. Several commonly used features are: the path contains a router nodes (hop count), the network transmission cost (cost), the bandwidth (bandwidth), latency (delay), load (load), reliability (reliability) and the maximum transmission unit MTU (maximum transmission unit).






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Automation is everywhere

- High-letter organizations in energy management and control software products and training for automated knowledge

To effectively implement the spirit of the meeting Zoucheng to better control the development of energy-saving projects and products, operations, energy management and control in the field realizing the strategic objectives of the brand of choice. Context of the current business to carry out the actual situation, on April 25, high-letter software in Qingdao Electronic School South Campus organizations on energy management and control products and automation knowledge of staff training to enhance staff on energy management and control products and automation technical knowledge of understanding and learning, and better promote the work.

The training software by the Chairman and President Karl Du river's invitation, Qingdao University Professor Liu Chuanlai to "automatic control everywhere" as the subject to make a full knowledge on the topic of automation training. Professor Liu from "the universe since the trend in balance the pursuit of harmony, the result comes naturally, who must control everything," the natural phenomena and social phenomena as the starting point, from human health to the biological function of the survival of evolution, from planned economy to a social the evolution of the market economy, Professor Lau explained by the shallow and deep, from surface, one by one start to shop, to penetrate all the staff a sense that the automatic control everywhere.

Management, control, Liu closely integrated software for high-letter ISO9000 quality management system and the company's organizational structure, management mode, the automatic control system, control the two basic aspects, objects, and accurate way to understand the objects, to distinguish between primary and secondary contradictions, similarities and differences between personality and the "disease" (object) prescription, to complete the face of different objects diagrams, tables, functional modeling carried out in detail. Among them, the automatic control system components are divided into open-loop control system, the controller - the object, closed-loop control system, the controller - the object - Feedback link. In addition, Professor Lau also simple control systems, complex control systems are described separately, and stressed that the importance of access to information, and so eliminate the false and retain the true requirements.

Through this study and training, so that all employees have a better understanding of automation knowledge, deepen understanding of the company's strategic direction, enthusiasm doubled, to strengthen the sense of mission and sense of belonging to the enterprise.




(Staff training on-site)







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"Fallout 3" The third sense after playing DLC broken steel

Finish off the DLC while not played a simple evaluation of all outcomes and options, but the task should be the same, and if any difference, we add

First of all processes, from the task, the fact of the last pass had been out of the British Clay's new energy armor and spray guns, but due to the broken robot. . . . Too Niubi, so we just pick up something in the back on the line.

Then I choose the most simple "end", that is, to start their own water machine. After a series of ending animation, and finally wake up in the fraternity home.

After the dialogue with several people one after another, began the first task. The first task is simple, first map the lower left corner of the assembly point, and then began to attack under the cover of the robot, naturally no problem. Finally the robot exploded a hole the house, then artillery bombardment blew. . . .鍥? . . Robot sacrifice.

And then drifted in from the hole, because his teammates are very tough (also equipped with laser guns wheel), there will be no difficulty. . . Finally, in front of the computer to obtain information, report back to base, the task is finished.

Task 2, go is to the north, close to 92 as a haven (the city is a waste, there are many dead grasp of place), went there to get something called Stella core? Seems to be the case. Short or Sha Shasha. . . But this is a person and not high grade, poor equipment, the player will die miserable, you will encounter many dead soldiers arrested and New England Clay, shout at the spray gun, and personally think is very powerful.

By Stella core, home address, the second to complete the task. Among them, a small extension, which is to and a woman in the Brotherhood to speak, he will give you a can interfere with that control of the control of the British Clay death grasp, but I went to a tunnel around in a circle (that is to get talking energy of a place, a lot of dead completed the task of the claw 銆傘?銆傘?), but in the third task, a death has been arrested with me. . . Or friendly. . .鍥? . .

Task 3, this task. . . It is difficult, and long, the enemy great, not teammates. . .

First of all, to the White House from the water pipes into the goal is to reach a pre-war U.S. military airport, which is the base for the British Clay. Walked away, went to a subway station (Jiaosha do not remember because it is not original in the internal but also links to the capital building), which will be the start of the robot is hostile, a little trouble, but found, after controlling terminal , and his words (like the President of the British Clay), and after his exchange he promised, and you live in peace, then the robot will not give you trouble shoot, but again, the emergence of new zombies, then zombies, fart thick, high attack power, will throw grenades. . . Robots are too hung up Niubi group, and finally I put them Manman Mo dead. . Of course, robots also hurt them a lot of blood.

Then find the subway to the airport. To exports will encounter two British soldiers Clay. Destruction of, go out to the airport after, when the main line will tell you to take a weapon, Stella guns, this gun Niubi. . . . But I do not willing to have led to the back of the task becomes difficult, a lot of enemies. Along the way meet a lot of Fang Yuta, you can not fight, and to find the terminal, shut down of the enemy were mostly down from the helicopter, so you burn out, then shot with Stella, the enemy will be a huge number, if you do not. . . . The number of enemy forces will be adult sea. Play all Dabu Wan. . . . . Continue to play, and finally hit an airport console, I do not remember what the. Task is completed, the final move to the opposite side of the British Clay base. (To destroy it is not that the number of people inside the blow, I am at least before and after the third mission to kill more than 60, maybe more, over many hit numb. Finally find the gun control terminal, select the target to destroy, but can Select 5.. can not read English, Freeze election ah, the first is the base of the Brotherhood, followed by a nuclear bomb the town, water purification systems, aircraft carriers City (order not remember) the last one is the mobile base. election finished, go out, brothers will come and take you encounter, and then the fireworks show. Finally home completed the task... This task damn tired

Interested friends can bomb five different goals among the best screenshots archive about haha I deleted. . .

As for the new variant of people I have met, but has a chance to use different weapons, laser guns, and 3 wheel fork or a very powerful laser gun

Downstairs to add: there will be new scorpion, thick skin of the fight alive

Re-edit finished







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Bohai Shipbuilding Heavy Industry under the overall management planning branch of the digitization p

The practice shows that the current socio-economic development, who has mastered the information technology will come to occupy in the economic development initiative. Bohai Shipbuilding Heavy Industry to accelerate the pace of construction of first-class shipbuilding enterprise, we must expand the application of information technology research.
Bohai Shipbuilding Heavy Industries after many years of information technology, the units have been formed between the Internal network of interconnected channels that are vividly dubbed as the "information superhighway." In this real-time transmission of the highway design, processing information, is the production design to the production of construction management information in the conversion will improve the overall efficiency of the new stage. Shipping within the field of pipe production, processing and information management system development and operation, in turn ship pipe machining efficiency greatly improved, which is following the Bohai Shipbuilding Heavy Industry design integration and sharing of information technology, the company all the units and network information sharing, design information-driven CNC cutting, CNC bending machine design information-driven information technology to promote the work of other achievements after another breakthrough in technology and management.
A, shipping tube before and after processing using information technology changes
A ship pipe machining the original work
Pipe processing plant in the design department received from the bottom of the tube processing Atlas (by region), the hours fixed by the person by hand calculation, accounting of raw materials (nuclear materials), according to the principles of group process through the "divide this" re- tissue processing Atlas Tube (by type). New books and materials processing map, hours of work issued to the processing of information with team, processed through several processes, each process must be physically and transferred to the ledger with the next process. In the processing of a ship, the manual points of the nuclear material, to play a fixed time-consuming 3 to 4 months, repeating the same form ledger and time-consuming and error-prone, can quickly become a bottleneck in processing tube.
2, aided by information technology management by following the way of tube processing
From August 2003 to March 2005, after less than two years of efforts, Bohai Shipbuilding Heavy Industries has successfully developed the "ship pipe machining and assembly with computer-aided management system", and in the control processing plant production trial run, to obtain to improve the management efficiency of the significant results, in the production practice using information technology to production management efficiency has been greatly improved, the production manager of labor intensity decreased significantly, the phenomenon of production less and less overtime. Particularly through 159,000 tons, 57,300 tons, 174,000 tons of practical applications such as ships, achieved pipe design, processing, collection of online information sharing with the process and standardize the management, and part of the process to achieve a paperless office, reflected through the promotion of information technology to improve the efficiency of the overall management of the feasibility and necessity.
The implementation of information technology means, in effect embodied in production management in the most obvious, the current of the system has been officially put into operation. Computer NMS's put into use, the manual has changed the traditional account management model, management efficiency, progress and work quality greatly improved, Guan parts processing Shengchan management area into a new realm. As the computer-aided management system after the screen has a super-information processing advantages, play a simplified production and management procedures, improve efficiency role.
3 Bo boat characteristics tailored software, has obvious application advantages
Tube processing computer management network system in use, changed the traditional manual accounting management model, management efficiency, progress and improvement in the quality of work, also benefited from tailor-made features of the software ships with bo support.
In order to control processing plant to better share and use information, developed the "Create this number and fixed working hours", "Material form and tracking cards", "control of nuclear material processing plant single", "site management" and 11 a management operation subsystem of the tube pre-processing techniques to prepare, prepare production materials, labor preparation, production scheduling, and statistics on the process of network management. The software developed for the actual production, and through application of production practices continue to improve and eventually become a distinctive feature of the software ships Bo, played in the production and application facilities for advantage. Not only meet the needs of production, but also created a software products with independent intellectual property rights, too.
Production practice, tailored self-developed "Bo ship software" brings many results, can effectively promote the production, but also improve the ability to create their own intellectual property rights, enhance their core competitiveness.
4 to obtain quantifiable description of the efficiency and effectiveness
As the production of design information from the design department directly from the network passed to the factory, replacing the manual registration of design drawings, builds accounts and other aspects of work. Production of nuclear materials in this room demolition job to reduce the "single-tube processing maps the cumulative length of pipe, sheet materials, the annex Atlas statistics, the statistical material tray unit," the work of the three programs, while saving the process of dismantling the nuclear fuse The large number of handwritten work, the last day of a nuclear material accounting staff to more than 70 root pipe, and very tired, and now a day a person can easily account for more than 200 root tube. As the computer-aided management of network technology, to produce a large number of tubes in the annex to prepare supporting work, from traditional variable reduction, work efficiency improved several times. Work with the annex directly to the web site inquiries, canceled registration plate with ledger books and small ticket statistical annex to annex supporting tube significantly reduced the registration staff, the workload, while improving the quality of work. Production site management workload of greater compression to remove the eight artificial registration ledger; reduce a large number of complex cases of tubes copy number registration and inspection process flow tube duplication of registration, reduction of working capacity of more than two thirds .
"Ship tube sets with computer-assisted processing and management system" in the production of pipe processing cost is real, 174000t 3 # and 2 # compared to # 2 removed the need for marine manual 3 months, using the software dismantling of this system only a month, and because of the management system has analytical, computational, comparison, storage and other advanced features, the series of ship pipe machining more obvious advantages. As most of which have been processed data can be reused for the next boat, the reduction of a production ready part, the first boat production preparation period can be shortened more than two months.
"Ship tube sets with computer-assisted processing and management system" application, the cost-effective while also promoting tube processing plant management on the grade. Accurate as the computer network, fast, large capacity, the advantages of information sharing, significantly reducing the production cost of management. Simplify the management information computing, statistics, transfer procedures, but also realized the tube processing information in the branch and with the local area network connected to the planning department, set with inter-direct flows, set with departments with disk rate tracking, with plate scheme and provide a basis for procurement management. Shorten and reduce the production of statistical data, production order delivery time and errors completely lost the manual dismantling of the hand nuclear materials, the original backward manual statistics management tools and models, so long engaged in the production of nuclear materials, scale, production site management statistics manual labor from the complex liberated, which is tube processing performance, high-quality management technology jump.
Returns the largest application of the results or information sharing, past production information to go through step by step progress of the report, these production statistics are now online, so that managers at all levels through the Internet immediately to grasp the real situation, to ensure the smooth flow of production schedule information .
Second, the Bohai Shipbuilding Heavy pipe processing plant Construction Information
Pipe processing plant in the practice shows that the application of information technology, significantly improve the management efficiency of the obvious effect that this case has fully explained: building first-class shipping companies have to rely on the application of information technology research and extension, using information technology to change the traditional production management, is to enhance the competitiveness of business management and one of the keys.
An application of information technology to promote a more down to earth from the start grassroots
Prior to the information, mainly top-down pressure, promote grassroots passive. With the continuous increase in the total shipbuilding, the branch increment does not increase, and thus to a more urgent feel to the information technology to be efficient, to change from passive to active, naturally, had applied R & D needs.
Pipe processing plant in the practice shows that the advance of information technology, can not always stay on top of anything less, pilot production units should start from the grassroots, from the combination of the shipbuilding company to start production of the actual carrying out research and development, so that the information technology falls acceptable, affordable and practical basis, to meet the actual demand, affecting the demand for new development.
In practice, the pipe processing plant to seize the "dismantling of the tray," this part of the link from the reduction in working to reduce the manual labor as a breakthrough, and design, set close cooperation with departments, in the computer management support, application-specific R & D The utility software of the traditional production operations management to change, while the actual application development on the problems found in time feedback to continuously improve and optimize the software. In this way, technical departments and units virtuous interaction between information technology and production to ensure a combination of practice, to the use of information technology change the traditional mode of production purposes. Information technology to promote the development of production, while production of information technology practice makes perfect in applications received. After a period of training, application, perfect, factory management personnel from the application of information technology, have tasted the sweetness, they feel the application of information technology is not a difficult task, and application of information technology brought about the improvement of management efficiency, and labor intensity decline is a real thing. As a result, factory production and management of information technology staff from passive to active, increase productivity, reduce labor intensity and speed up the application of information technology into the inner motivation. These successful practices, to promote the integration of other sectors of the information marked by modern shipbuilding model provides an example.
2 leaders take the lead in ensuring that the application of information technology an important guarantee for
Information at the grassroots level to promote the reason why face resistance, an important reason is that grass-roots cadres and managers are afraid of difficulties, some traditional production practices used to always feel the staff is high-tech information technology, learning and application of a lack of confidence.
Pipe processing plant successfully apply information technology to production practice, significantly improved management efficiency. A successful experience is the emphasis on leadership, awareness, and gear, take the lead in learning, application of information technology.
Branch leaders to promote the development and construction company with a high degree of responsibility. From the Party and administrative leadership to the technical backbone to foster and encourage a positive, progressive, pioneering spirit of the atmosphere, so that the information of the seed in this environment, growth and development, and offering to the computer division of the ship where the use of information technology to improve research management aspects of the support. Driven leadership in the branch, these people who never had contact with the computer, from the understanding of the mouse, monitor, keyboard started his own information-technology "literacy." Through learning by doing, learning in the dry, and gradually mastered the application of information technology, and the results achieved in practice.
Processing plant management control most of older, difficult to grasp the emerging knowledge, but the management process of the management team full of enthusiasm up. Their practice shows that: people who never studied computers, but also a better use of information technology
Third, Concluding Remarks
Bohai Shipbuilding Heavy pipe processing plant in the practice of building information Description: basic units have the ability, also it is necessary to establish a distinctive focus on improving management efficiency of information management systems to strategy and business development echoes so that the competitiveness of enterprises stood strong market position. Pipe processing plant pragmatic promote information technology in the Bohai Shipbuilding Heavy Industry has played a model role. Proof that as long to overcome the difficulties, party and government leaders work together, basic units can also do the promotion and application of information technology and benefit from. Bohai Shipbuilding Heavy Industries, after the completion of the overall plan to solve the basic research and applied technology research in the same top-level attention, but also make great efforts to bottom-up, the urgent demand from the grassroots units of the launching of the application of information technology, and fully mobilize the enthusiasm of grassroots units, in turn stimulate demand for their new application, it seems a small step, is actually a big step is to lay the foundation for Digital Shipbuilding is the Bohai Shipbuilding Heavy Industries to develop according to their characteristics of digital shipbuilding part of overall strategy. The technical standards and a unified application environment in a point from the bottom surface will design information management in the Gong Xiang Xun Su Sheng Chan applications in the last gradually Wanshangoujian Zhizao into a single, integrated information management system. This is in line with China's national conditions of ship-building enterprises an effective way to digital.






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